RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS
IN SELECTED CANADIAN PRAIRIE CITIES
1880-1930
Compiled By:
Susan E. Markham-Starr, Ph.D.
School of Recreation Management and Kinesiology
Acadia University
Wolfville, Nova Scotia
B4P 2R6 Canada
Originally
Compiled and Published in Print in May 1989
Revised and Published on the Web in March 2001
This bibliography began as the reference list for the author's comprehensive examinations and doctoral thesis at the University of Alberta.1 The thesis research emphasized the use of primary source materials for the work about four Canadian Prairie cities, Calgary, Edmonton, Regina and Saskatoon, with comparisons being made to a fifth city, Winnipeg. Winnipeg was studied through the use of secondary materials. Part of the background research involved finding and using available review and contemporary publications. As I encountered many articles in journals from the first three decades of this century that had not been listed in previously compiled bibliographies, it became apparent that it would be appropriate to produce a Research Bibliography both as part of the thesis and for distribution to an audience wider than the usual readers of a doctoral thesis. It is hoped that this publication will serve that second purpose. In the twelve months between the defense of the thesis and the preparation of this publication, an online search was undertaken to update the material. The results of this search have been include in this bibliography, primarily in the section dealing with parks and playgrounds.
The bibliography which follows contains references gleaned both from other bibliographies and research reports and from an examination of contemporary journals of the 1900-1930 period. The most complete bibliographies that deal with Western Canada and Urban Canada are A.F.J. Artibise's Western Canada Since 1870,2 and Artibise and Stelter's Canada's Urban Past.3 The latter publication is supplemented annually in the October issue of Urban History Review.4 Within sections of the Bibliography dealing with planning, parks and recreation, and the five cities, a distinction is made between contemporary accounts from the time period of the research study and reviews of previous primary or secondary source material. The reviews are frequently, but not exclusively, based on research carried out in the past two decades.
The contemporary accounts
are drawn from journals and magazines which were selected for two reasons. Firstly,
they contain articles dealing with municipal matters. Secondly, these journals
would very likely have been accessible to municipal officials in the cities
that are part of the research project. Thus, the articles contained in the journals
were potential influences upon the decision makers in each city. The most complete
collection of all the journals is held by the Manitoba Legislative Library in
Winnipeg, although partial collections are available in each province. The following
journals were examined from the year in which publication began, up to 1930:
(1) Western Municipal Review, 1906 to 1930 ("The Official Organ of the Unions of Municipalities of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta");
(2) Canadian Municipal Journal, 1905 to 1922;
followed by Municipal Review of Canada, 1922 to 1930 ("Official Organ of the Union of Canadian Municipalities");
(3) Journal of the Town Planning Institute, 1920 to 1930 (publication of the Town Planning Institute of Canada); and
(4)Construction, 1907 to 1930 ("A
Journal for the Building and Engineering Interests of Canada").
The bibliography has been organized to include a list of collections where the primary source materials were found, a list of the newspapers which were used in the research project, and most importantly a list of books, journals and theses which contain material about the topics with which the author's thesis was concerned. This latter section begins with references from the very broad field of Urban History, becoming more specific with references dealing with Urban Development (particularly on the prairies), Policy Development, Reform, Boosterism, Planning, Parks and Recreation, and finally, focusing on each city individually. As noted previously, within the sections on Planning, Parks and Recreation and each city, the references are divided into those which are contemporary accounts in the time period of the research project, 1880 to 1930, and those which are reviews of previous primary and secondary source materials. Entries which would fit in two or more sections are included in each one; for example, the article "Regina-Parks and Playgrounds" by Mayor Robert Martin is included in the section "Parks and Recreation" and in the section "Regina." This method of organization should prove useful to researchers interested in both general and specific topics.
The main contributions of this bibliography and the research for which it was created are their specificity in terms of geographic area and time period; as well as providing material for use in comparisons. The topic of Parks and Playgrounds between 1880 and 1930 has been the subject of little previous research. The first overview of Canadian parks and recreation history which laid the groundwork of present and future research was McFarland's The Development of Recreation in Canada.5 However, the breadth of that study did not permit such in-depth, specific studies of individual cities as is the focus of current research. Current research and writing by J. Wright focuses on changing functions of open space in general and urban parks in Ontario.6 Local, but not comparative, studies have been published about two prairie cities, Calgary and Winnipeg. The Calgary publication is a chronology of the park system's history, emphasizing the addition and development of park sites with little analysis of the reasons behind such events.7 Two Winnipeg studies focus on the process by which the early development of the park systems--or individual parks--was influenced by promoters of real estate interests, business interests, or class interests.8 A recent overview of The Evolution of Urban Canada by Artibise and Linteau contained a section dealing with "Leisure, Sports and Cultural Life."9 This section identified only six Canadian studies dealing with leisure and concluded that "there is surprisingly little that deals with the evolution of leisure spaces and activities in Canadian cities".10
The key themes which are
intertwined with parks and playgrounds in each city are urban reform and civic
boosterism. The rhetoric of reform and boosterism is abundant. The contemporary
accounts listed in the references give researchers a picture of the local situations
in the early decades of this century--but it is a picture colored by the advocates
of programs such as planning or parks or playgrounds or by local boosters using
accounts of their local situation as ammunition in their campaigns to promote
their city. It is the task of researchers to determine whether the rhetoric
of the advocates had an impact and whether the rhetoric of the boosters was
describing real conditions or aspirations for the future. Were there links between
the abundant rhetoric and later actions by the decision makers? Some of the
materials in this bibliography provide information on both rhetoric and actions.
May 1989
References
1 S.E. Markham, "The Development of Parks and Playgrounds in Selected Canadian Prairie Cities: 1880-1930" (Ph. D. thesis, University of Alberta, 1988).
2 A.F.J. Artibise, Western Canada Since 1870: A Select Bibliography and Guide. (Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1978).
3 A.F.J. Artibise and G.A. Stelter, Canada's Urban Past: A Bibliography to 1980 and Guide to Canadian Urban Studies. (Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1980).
4 E. Bloomfield, "Bibliography: Recent Publications
Relating to Canada's Urban Past." Urban History Review
10 (October 1981): 41-55;
11 (October 1982): 59-84;
12 (October 1983): 107-133;
13 (October 1984): 121-159;
14 (October 1985): 135-191;
15 (October 1986): 175-200; and
16 (October 1987): 196-221.
5 E. McFarland, The Development of Recreation in Canada. (Ottawa: Canadian Parks/Recreation Association, 1970).
6 J. Wright, "Urban Open Space in Transition," in Proceedings of the Third Canadian Congress on Leisure Research. (Edmonton, 1981), pp. 434-452;
Urban Parks in Ontario: Part I: Origins to 1860. (Toronto: Province of Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, 1983); and
Urban Parks in Ontario: Part II: The Public Park Movement, 1860 to 1914. (Toronto: Province of Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, 1984).
7 M. Barraclough, From Prairie to Park: Green Spaces in Calgary. (Calgary: Century Calgary Publications, 1975).
8 A.F.J. Artibise, Winnipeg: A Social History of Urban Growth, 1874-1914. (Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 1974); and
M.E. Cavett, H.J. Selwood, and J.C. Lehr, "Social Philosophy and the Early Development of Winnipeg Parks," Urban History Review 11 (June 1982): 27-39.
9 A.F.J. Artibise and P.A. Linteau. The Evolution of Urban Canada: An Analysis of Approaches and Interpretations. University of Winnipeg, Institute of Urban Studies, Report no. 4. Winnipeg: Institute of Urban Studies, University of Winnipeg, 1984.
1. PRIMARY SOURCE MATERIALS-COLLECTIONS
City of Calgary, City Clerk's Office:
Minutes of City Council, 1884-1930.
City of Edmonton Archives:
City of Edmonton Records, RG 8, Town Clerk and City Clerk, 1892-1912.
City of Edmonton Records, RG 11, City Commissioners, 1926-1930.
City of Edmonton, Annual Financial Statements and Auditor's Reports, 1901-1929.
City of Edmonton, City Commissioners' Reports, 1906-1929 (microfilm).
City of Edmonton, Minutes of City Council, 1892-1929(microfilm).
City of Edmonton, Minutes of the Parks and Markets Committee (microfilm).
City of Edmonton, Parks and Playgrounds files (Accession #73-52, Box 180).
City of Edmonton, Parks and Recreation files (Accession #74-34).
City of Strathcona Records, RG 100.1.
W.A. Griesbach Collection, MS 209.
City of Regina, City Clerk's Office and Records Storage:
City of Regina, Bylaws.
City of Regina, City Clerk's Records, 1896-1930.
City of Regina, City Commissioners Minutes, 1910-1916.
City of Regina, Minutes of City Council, 1901-1930.
City of Regina, Parks and Boulevards Committee Minutes, 1907-1912.
City of Regina, Parks, Boulevards and Cemeteries Committee Minutes, 1912-1913.
City of Regina, Parks and Public Property Committee Minutes, 1914-1915.
City of Regina, Minutes of the Special Committee of City Council, 1916-1930.
City of Regina, Minutes of the Town Planning
Board, 1924-1927.
City of Saskatoon, Clerk's Office and Record Storage:
City of Saskatoon, Bylaws (microfilm).
City of Saskatoon, Minutes of City Council, 1912-1930 (microfilm).
City of Saskatoon, Municipal Manuals, 1920-1930 (Box 257).
City of Saskatoon, Parks Board Minutes, 1920-1930 (Boxes 49 and 384).
City of Saskatoon, Parks and Recreation files, c. 1930, (Accession #83-B-2, Boxes 118 to 125).
City of Saskatoon, Recreation Committee Minutes,
1910-1911 (Boxes 310 and 311).
Edmonton Board of Trade Offices:
Board of Trade Minute Books, 1897-1920.
Glenbow Alberta Institute Archives:
Calgary Board of Trade, Minutes, 1890-1930 (BN C151A).
Calgary Board of Trade, Annual Reports, 1904-1955 (M 2260).
Calgary Council of Women, Minutes, 1919-1930 (M 5841).
Calgary Council of Women, Yearbooks, 1925-1930 (M 5841).
City of Calgary, City Clerk's Papers, 1887-1930 (BE 33 C151P).
City of Calgary Papers, 1887-1930 (BE 33 C581E).
City of Calgary, Municipal Manuals, 1913-1930.
City of Calgary, Parks Department Annual
Reports (RGA 23).
Provincial Archives of Alberta:
Edmonton Council of Women, Correspondence, 1910-1915 (Accession #80.817 S, Item 193).
Edmonton Council of Women, Minutes, 1908-1913 (Accession #80.317 S, Items 190 and 191).
Petition Regarding Mewata Park, 1913 (Accession
#76.277 SE).
Saskatchewan Archives Board-Regina:
City of Regina, Municipal Manuals, 1909-1930 (R-F44).
Regina Board of Trade, Annual Reports, 1910-1930 (R-346).
Regina Board of Trade, Minutes, 1906-1930 (R-346).
Regina Council of Women, Annual Reports, 1923-1930 (R-136).
Regina Council of Women, Minutes, 1895-1930 (R-136).
Regina Council of Women, Yearbooks,
1922-1930 (R-136).
Saskatoon Archives Board-Saskatoon:
Saskatoon Board of Trade, Minutes, 1908-1920 (S-B10).
City of Saskatoon, City Clerk's Records,
1910-1930.
Saskatoon Public Library-Local History Room:
Clippings file: Parks.
University of Alberta Archives:
William Pearce Collection (Accession #74-169).
Henry Marshall Tory Collection (Accession #68-9).
University of Saskatchewan Archives:
A.S. Morton Manuscript Collection (MSS C555/2/1).
2. SECONDARY SOURCE MATERIALS-NEWSPAPERS
Calgary Herald. 1884-1887.
Calgary Weekly Herald. 1887-1906.
Calgary Daily Herald. 1906-1930.
Daily Edmonton Bulletin. 1905-1906.
Edmonton Bulletin. 1906-1911.
Edmonton Evening Journal. 1905-1911.
Edmonton Journal. 1911-1930.
Regina Leader. 1883-1906.
Regina Morning Leader. 1906-1930.
Saskatoon Phoenix. 1902-1905.
Saskatoon Phoenix. 1906.
Saskatoon Daily Phoenix. 1907-1928.
Saskatoon Star Phoenix. 1928-1930.
3. SECONDARY SOURCE MATERIALS-BOOKS, JOURNALS AND
THESES
Artibise, A.F.J. Western Canada Since 1870: A Selected Bibliography and Guide. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1978.
Artibise, A.F.J., ed. Town and City: Aspects of Western Canadian Urban Development. Canadian Plains Studies, no. 10. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina, 1981.
Artibise, A.F.J. and Linteau, P.-A. The Evolution of Urban Canada: An Analysis of Approaches and Interpretations. University of Winnipeg, Institute of Urban Studies, Report no. 4. Winnipeg: Institute of Urban Studies, 1984.
Artibise, A.F.J. and Stelter, G.A., eds. The Usable Urban Past: Planning and Politics in the Modern Canadian City. Carleton Library no. 119. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in association with Carleton University, 1979.
Artibise, A.F.J. and Stelter, G.A., eds. Canada's Urban Past: a Bibliography to 1980 and Guide to Canadian Urban Studies. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1981.
Berkowitz, E.D. "History, Public Policy and Reality." Journal of Social History 18 (Fall 1984): 79-89.
Careless, J.M.S. "Urban Development in Canada," Urban History Review 1-74 (June 1974): 9-14.
Careless, J.M.S. "Metropolis and Region: The Interplay Between City and Region in Canadian Urban History Before 1914." Urban History Review 3- 78 (February 1979): 99-118.
Clark, S.D. "Canadian Urban Development." Urban History Review 1-74 (June 1974): 14-19.
Davis, A.K. "Canadian Society and History as Hinterland Versus Metropolis." In Studies in Canadian Social History, pp. 447-475. Edited by M. Horn and R. Sabourin. Toronto: McLelland and Stewart, 1974.
Lemon, J.T. "Approaches to the Study of the Urban Past: Geography." Urban History Review 2-73 (October 1973): 13-19.
Magnusson, W. and Sancton, A., eds. City Politics in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1983.
Marshall, J.U. "Geography's Contribution to the Historical Study of Urban Canada." Urban History Review 1-73 (February 1973): 15-24.
McCann, L.D. "The Myth of the Metropolis: The Role of the City in Canadian Regionalism." Urban History Review 9 (February 1981): 52-58.
McCormack, A.R. and MacPherson, I., eds. Cities in the West: Papers of the Western Canada Urban History Conference, 1974. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 10. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975.
Pressman, N.E.P. "The Built Environment: A Planning Approach to the Study of Past Urban Settlement." Urban History Review 2-73 (October 1973): 8-13.
Stelter, G.A. "A Sense of Time and Place: The Historian's Approach to the Urban Past." Urban History Review 2-73 (October 1973): 20-22.
Stelter, G.A. "The Historian's Approach to Canada's Urban Past." Histoire Sociale/Social History 7 (May 1974): 5-22.
Stelter, G.A. "The Urban Frontier in Canadian History." In Cities in the West: Papers of the Western Canada Urban History Conference, 1974, pp. 270-286. Edited by A.R. McCormack and I. MacPherson. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 10. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975.
Stelter, G.A. "A Regional Framework for Urban History." Urban History Review 13 (February 1985): 193-204.
Stelter, G.A. and Artibise, A.F.J., eds. The Canadian City: Essays in Urban History. The Carleton Library no. 109. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in Association with Carleton University, 1979.
Stelter, G.A. and Artibise, A.F.J., eds. Shaping the Urban Landscape: Aspects of the City Building Process. The Carleton Library no. 125. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1982.
Stelter, G.A. and Artibise, A.F.J., eds. The Canadian City: Essays in Urban
and Social History. The Carleton Library no. 132. Ottawa: Carleton University
Press, 1984.
Artibise, A.F.J. "Continuity and Change: Elites and Prairie Urban Development." In The Usable Urban Past: Planning and Politics in the Modern Canadian City, pp. 130-154. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise and G.A. Stelter. Carleton Library no. 119. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in association with Carleton University, 1979.
Artibise, A.F.J. "The Urban West: The Evolution of Prairie Towns and Cities to 1930." Prairie Forum 4 (Fall 1979): 237-262.
Artibise, A.F.J. Prairie Urban Development: 1870-1930. Canadian Historical Association Booklets, no. 34. Ottawa: Canadian Historical Association, 1981.
Artibise, A.F.J. "City Building in the Canadian West: From Boosterism to Corporatism." Journal of Canadian Studies 17 (Fall 1982): 35-44.
Careless, J.M.S. The Rise of Cities in Canada Before 1914. Canadian Historical Association Booklets, no. 32. Ottawa: Canadian Historical Association, 1978.
Careless, J.M.S. "Aspects of Urban Life in the West 1870-1914." In The Canadian City: Essays in Urban History, pp. 125-141. Edited by G.A. Stelter and A.F.J. Artibise. The Carleton Library no. 109. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in Association with Carleton University, 1979.
McCann, L.D. "Urban Growth in Western Canada, 1881-1961." Albertan Geographer 5 (1968-69): 65-74.
Phillips, P. "The Prairie Urban System, 1911-1961: Specialization and Change." In Town and City: Aspects of Western Canadian Urban Development, pp. 7-30. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise. Canadian Plains Studies, no. 10. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina, 1981.
Simmons, J.W. "The Evolution of the Canadian Urban System." In The Usable Urban Past: Planning and Politics in the Modern Canadian City, pp. 9- 33. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise and G.A. Stelter. Carleton Library no. 119. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in association with Carleton University, 1979.
Taylor, J.H. "The Urban West: Public Welfare and a Theory of Urban Development." In Cities in the West: Papers of the Western Canada Urban History Conference, 1974, pp. 287-313. Edited by A.R. McCormack and I. MacPherson. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 10. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975.
Voisey, P. "The Urbanization of the Canadian Prairies, 1871-1916." Histoire
Sociale/Social History 8 (May 1975): 77-101.
Adie, R.F. and Thomas, P.G. Canadian Public Administration: Problematical Perspectives. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1982.
Bella, L. "The Politics of the Right Wing Welfare State." Ph.D. thesis, The University of Alberta, 1981.
Cherry, G. "Methods of Historical Research: The Case of British Environmental Planning and National Parks." Lecture at The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 18 November 1986.
Doern, G.B. and Phidd, R.W. Canadian Public Policy: Ideas, Structure, Process. Toronto: Methuen, 1983.
Edginton, C.R. and Williams, J.G. Productive Management of Leisure Service Organizations. Toronto: Wiley and Sons, 1978.
Etzioni, A. "Mixed Scanning: A 'Third' Approach to Decision-Making." In Planning for Social Welfare: Issues, Models, and Tasks, pp. 87-97. Edited by N. Gilbert and H. Specht. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall Inc., 1977.
Goldsmith, M. Politics, Planning and the City. London: Hutchinson, 1980.
Higgins, D.J. Local and Urban Politics in Canada. Toronto: Gage, 1986.
Pross, A.P. "Pressure Groups: Adaptive Instruments of Political Communication." In Pressure Group Behavior and Canadian Politics, pp. 1-26. Edited by A.P. Pross. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1975.
Simeon, R. "Studying Public Policy," Canadian Journal of Political Science 9 (December 1976): 548-580.
Stone, C.N., Whelan, R.K. and Murin W.J. Urban Policy and Politics in a
Bureaucratic Age. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979.
Anderson, J.D. "Municipal Government Reform in Western Canada 1880-1920." In The Usable Urban Past: Planning and Politics in the Modern Canadian City, pp. 73-111. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise and G.A. Stelter. Carleton Library no. 119. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in association with Carleton University, 1979.
Boyer, P. Urban Masses and Moral Order in America, 1820-1920. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1979.
Kaplan, H. Reform, Planning, and City Politics: Montreal, Winnipeg, Toronto. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982.
Klein, M. and Kantor, H.A. Prisoners of Progress: American Industrial Cities 1850-1920. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company, 1976.
Lubove, R. The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City 1890-1917. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962.
Lubove, R. The Urban Community: Housing and Planning in the Progressive Era. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1967.
Rutherford, P., ed. Saving the Canadian City: The First Phase, 1880-1920. An Anthology of Early Articles on Urban Reform. The Social History of Canada, no. 22. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1974.
Rutherford, P. "Tomorrow's Metropolis: The Urban Reform Movement in Canada, 1880-1920." In The Canadian City-Essays in Urban History, pp. 368- 392. Edited by G.A. Stelter and A.F.J. Artibise. The Carleton Library no. 109. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in Association with Carleton University, 1979.
Strong-Boag, V.J. The Parliment of Women: The National Council of Women of Canada 1893-1929. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 18. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976.
Weaver, J.C. "Elitism and the Corporate Ideal: Businessmen and Boosters in Canadian Civic Reform, 1880-1920." In Cities in the West: Papers of the Western Canada Urban History Conference, 1974, pp. 48-73. Edited by A.R. McCormack and I. MacPherson. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 10. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975.
Weaver, J.C. "Approaches to the History of Urban Reform." Urban History Review 2-76 (October 1976): 3-11.
Weaver, J.C. Shaping the Canadian City: Essays on Urban Politics and Policy 1890-1920. Monographson Canadian Urban Government no. 1. Toronto: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 1977.
Weaver, J.C. "'Tomorrow's Metropolis' Revisited: A Critical Assessment of Canadian Urban Reform, 1890-1920." In The Canadian City-Essays in Urban History, pp. 393-418. Edited by G.A. Stelter and A.F.J. Artibise. The Carleton Library no. 109. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in Association with Carleton University, 1979.
Weaver, J.C. "The Modern City Realized: Toronto Civic Affairs, 1880-1915." In The Usable Urban Past-Planning and Politics in the Modern Canadian City, pp. 39-72. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise and G.A. Stelter. Carleton Library no. 119. Toronto: MacMillan of Canada in association with Carleton University, 1979.
Wickett, S.M. "City Government in Canada (1902)." In Saving the Canadian
City: The First Phase 1880-1920. An Anthology of Early Articles on Urban Reform,
pp. 287-302. Edited by P. Rutherford. The Social History of Canada, no. 22.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1974.
Artibise, A.F.J. "Boosterism and the Development of Prairie Cities, 1871- 1913." In Town and City: Aspects of Western Canadian Urban Development, pp.209-235. Edited by A.F.J. Artibise. Canadian Plains Studies, no. 10. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina, 1981.
Artibise, A.F.J. "In Pursuit of Growth: Municipal Boosterism and Urban Development in the Canadian Prairie West, 1871-1913." In Shaping the Urban Landscape: Aspects of the City Building Process, pp. 116-147. Edited by G.A. Stelter and A.F.J. Artibise. The Carleton Library no. 125. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1982.
Bloomfield, E. "Boards of Trade and Canadian Urban Development." Urban History Review 12 (October 1983): 77-99.
Foran, M.L. "The Boosters in Boosterism: Some Calgary Examples." Urban History Review 8 (October 1979): 77-82.
Pedersen, D. "Building Today for the Womanhood of Tomorrow: Boosters and the YWCA, 1890-1930." Urban History Review. 15 (February 1987): 225- 242.
Weaver, J.C. "Elitism and the Corporate Ideal: Businessmen and Boosters in Canadian Civic Reform, 1890-1920." In Cities in the West: Papers of the Western Canada Urban History Conference, 1974, pp. 48-73. Edited by A.R. McCormack and I. MacPherson. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, History Division, Paper no. 10. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975.
Weaver, J.C. "Edmonton's Perilous Course 1904-1929." Urban History Review 2-77 (October 1977): 20-32.
Wichern, P.H. "Historical Influences on Contemporary Local Politics: The Case
of Winnipeg." Urban History Review 12 (June 1983): 39-43.
Adams, T. "The British Town Planning Act." Canadian Municipal Journal 7 (August 1911): 303-306.
Adams, T. "What Town Planning Really Means." Plan Canada 16 (June 1976): 113-116 [reprint of 1914 article].
Adams, T. "Town Planning and Housing in Canada." Canadian Municipal Journal 11 (February 1915): 60, 63.
Adams, T. "The Meaning and Practical Application of Town Planning." Canadian Municipal Journal 11 (September 915): 307.
Adams, T. "The Town Planning Outlook in Canada." Canadian Municipal Journal 12 (October 1916): 510-513.
Adams. T. "Influence of Town Planning on the Social Life of the Community." Canadian Municipal Journal 13 (July 1917): 324-325.
Adams, T. "Land for Public Purposes." Construction 14 (January 1921): 26- 28.
Adams, T. "Modern City Planning: Its Meaning and Methods(1922)." In Saving the Canadian City: The First Phase, 1880-1920. An Anthology of Early Articles on Urban Reform, pp. 247-273. Edited by P. Rutherford. The Social History of Canada, no. 22. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972.
Adams, T. "Town Planning Notes: The Die-Hard Economist and the Subject of Civic Beauty." Municipal Review of Canada 24 (May 1928): 199.
Ajax. "Some Big Municipal Men: Thomas Adams." Canadian Municipal Journal 11 (December 1915): 438.
Ajax. "Some Big Municipal Men: J.S. Woodsworth." Canadian Municipal Journal 12 (January 1916): 18.
Ajax. "Some Big Municipal Men: J.J. Kelso." Canadian Municipal Journal 12 (December 1916): 617.
"Arrival of Town Planning Public Opinion." Journal of the Town Planning Institute 8 (August-October 1929): 90.
Atherton, W.H. "A Plea for the Formation of 'Improvement Societies', or City Planning and Planning of Citizens." Canadian Municipal Journal 6 (November 1910): 463-464.
Atherton, W.H. "Child Welfare and the City." Canadian Municipal Journal 7 (October 1911): 393-394.
Atherton, W.H. "A Dominion of City Planning and Housing." Canadian Municipal Journal 10 (September 1914): 364-365.
"Beauty a City Asset." Western Municipal News 8 (July 1913): 227.
Betz, L. "Opening Up and Beautifying a City." Canadian Municipal Journal 8 (August 1912): 292-293.
Black, E. "Garden Cities." Canadian Municipal Journal 7 (October 1911): 391-393.
"Bringing Beauty to the School Ground." Western Municipal News 22 (May 1927): 158.
Burne-Jones, P. "The City Beautiful." Canadian Municipal Journal 1 (July 1905): 205-207.
"Canada and Town Planning." Canadian Municipal Journal 10 (June 1914): 246.
Cauchon, N. "The Essential of Town Planning." Canadian Municipal Journal 15 (November 1919): 370-371.
Cauchon, N. "Economics of Town Planning." Construction 14 (March 1921): 80- 82.
Cauchon, N. "The Economics of Town Planning." Construction 14 (November 1921): 354.
Cauchon, N. "Congestion and Its Effects on Civic Life." Construction 16 (March 1923): 101-103.
Cauchon, N. "Citizenship and Town Planning." Journal of the Town Planning Institute 7 (October 1928): 118.
"City Planning For Utility." Canadian Municipal Journal 15 (September 1919): 313.
"The Civic Improvement League." Canadian Municipal Journal 12 (February 1916): 44.
Commission of Conservation of Canada. Reports of the Annual Meetings, 1910- 1919.
"The Commission of Conservation and Town Planning and Housing." Canadian Municipal Journal 11 (March 1915): 91.
"A Community Centre." Western Municipal News 13 (May 1918): 122.
Connaught, Duke of. "Address at the First Canadian Conference on Town Planning." Canadian Municipal Journal 8 (August 1912): 291.
Craske, H. "The Garden City Movement." Canadian Municipal Journal 3 (May 1907): 184-185.
"Cultivation of Vacant Lots." Canadian Municipal Journal 13 (March 1917): 83.
Curley, J.M. "The Philosophy of City Planning." Journal of the Town Planning Institute 4 (August 1925): 7-8.
Dalzell, A.G. "The Commercial Value of Civic Beauty." Journal of the Town Planning Institute 7 (June 1928): 58-63.
Dawson, B. "The Planning of Our Town." Western Municipal News 9 (June 1914): 190.
"Editorial: City Planning." Construction 6 (February 1913): 44.
"Editorial: City Planning Exhibition." Construction 7 (January 1914): 3-4.
"Editorial: Sixth National Conference on City Planning." Construction 7 (May 1914): 168.
"Editorial: Sixth National Conference on City Planning." Construction 7 (August 1914): 311.
"Editorial: Canadian Civic Planning." Construction 7 (November 1914): 393.
"Editorial: If Your City is Healthy, It is Wealthy." Municipal Review of Canada 23 (December 1927): 489.
Estee, Ex-Mayor. "Interesting Children in Civic Betterment." Canadian Municipal Journal 10 (November 1914): 438.
Ewing, J. "Town Planning That Pays." Canadian Municipal Journal 16 (March 1920): 82-83, 88.
Ewing, J. "Report of the Ways and Means Committee." Journal of the Town Planning Institute 1 (June-August, 1921): 5-6.
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